President Obama met with Chinese President Hu Jintao today and “agreed to expand our cooperation on climate change, energy and [the] environment” among other issues, Hu told members of the press after their meeting.

“As the two largest consumers and producers of energy, there can be no solution to this challenge without the efforts of both China and the United States,” President Obama said. The leaders agreed to launch a joint U.S.-China clean energy research center, take actions to mitigate the impacts of climate change and to abide by any agreements that are reached at next month’s COP-15 conference in Copenhagen, a meeting of the conference of the parties to the U.N. Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC.)

The economy was also high on the leaders’ agenda. Hu said the two countries will continue to increase dialogue on financial policies and trade disagreements. They both spoke of the importance of the G20 as a body that can advance reforms of the international financial system.

“China’s partnership has proved critical in our effort to pull ourselves out of the worst recession in generations,” Obama said.

The U.S.-China relationship “has not been without disagreement and difficulty,” President Obama acknowledged during a town hall in Shanghai November 15. The key to a strong relationship based on mutual interests is “sustaining an open dialogue,” Obama told the student participants.

The president’s comments on Internet access in China received a lot of attention in U.S. media today. “In the United States, the fact that we have free Internet, or unrestricted Internet access, is a source of strength, and I think should be encouraged,” Obama said.

“I’m a big supporter of not restricting Internet use, Internet access, other information technologies like Twitter,” Obama said. “The more open we are, the more we can communicate. And it also helps to draw the world together.”

Obama’s China visit comes in the midst of a multi-country Asia tour. In Japan, he met with Prime Minister Yukio Hatoyama and discussed the need to strengthen the nations’ already strong alliance. In Singapore, he gathered with numerous Asian leaders for the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) summit which focused on sustainable growth strategies.

Thirty years ago today, the American embassy in Tehran, Iran, was seized. Americans were held hostage in the embassy for more than a year. “This event helped set the United States and Iran on a path of sustained suspicion, mistrust and confrontation,” Obama said in a statement issued by the White House.

The United States wants to move past this, Obama said, and seeks a relationship based on mutual interests and respect. “Iran must choose,” Obama said. “It is time for the Iranian government to decide whether it wants to focus on the past, or whether it will make the choices that will open the door to greater opportunity, prosperity, and justice for its people.”

The text of the president’s statement is available on America.gov.

“This is not how I expected to wake up this morning,” the president said, after hearing that the Norwegian Nobel Committee had awarded him with the prestigious Nobel Prize for Peace. “I am both surprised and deeply humbled,” he said, and “do not view it as a recognition of my own accomplishments, but rather as an affirmation of American leadership on behalf of aspirations held by people in all nations.”

“To be honest, I do not feel that I deserve to be in the company of so many of the transformative figures who’ve been honored by this prize — men and women who’ve inspired me and inspired the entire world through their courageous pursuit of peace,” he said.

There have been detractors in the United States and overseas for the Nobel Committee’s decision. After only nine months in office, the president’s vision of eliminating nuclear weapons and his renewed emphasis on global cooperation and dialogue to resolve challenges such as climate change and pandemic disease have not yet accomplished their goals. Obama himself said today that some of his policy goals may not be completed during his administration, and the elimination of nuclear weapons “may not be completed in my lifetime.”

But when Norwegian Nobel Committee Chairman Thorbjorn Jagland announced the decision in Oslo, he compared President Obama to other peace prize winners such as former West Berlin mayor Willy Brandt and former Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev, whose own reform efforts had not been achieved when they received the prize.

“The question we have to ask is who has done the most in the previous year to enhance peace in the world,” Jagland said. “And who has done more than Barack Obama?”

The president said the prize has been used to “give momentum” to causes, and he said he sees the award, which will be given in Oslo December 10, as “a call to action” for the United States and all nations to “confront the common challenges of the 21st century.”

What do you think about this surprise announcement? Do you think this will help or inadvertently hurt President Obama as he tries to advance his policy goals?

President Obama has authorized up to 80,000 refugees to enter the United States during the 2010 fiscal year (FY), which begins today, October 1. In a presidential determination, he specified what is known as the “refugee ceiling” or the maximum number of refugees allowed from each world region. The figure includes an “unallocated reserve” designed to accommodate unforeseen crises, and specifies that immigrants from Cuba, the former Soviet Union, Iraq, and those identified by U.S. embassies as having “exceptional circumstances” will, “if otherwise qualified” to enter the U.S., also be considered refugees.

The president said his administration is “committed to maintaining a robust refugee admissions program,” which has been an important part of the overall U.S. effort in “support of vulnerable people around the world.” Citing the recent global economic downturn, Obama said an in-depth review of the program was done “with the goal of strengthening support to both the refugees and the communities in which they are being resettled.”

I decided to do a little review of my own, comparing the latest figures with those of a few previous years (FY 2007-FY2010). Not surprisingly, I found that presidents adjust the numbers and allocations for refugee admissions each year, perhaps to reflect the latest needs assessments from their advisers.

There were some interesting developments. For example, in FY 2008 then-President Bush increased the allowed number of refugees from 70,000 to the current 80,000 level, and much of that went towards allowing a dramatic increase in refugees (+22,500) from the Near East and South Asia. In FY 2009, an additional 9,000 were allowed from those regions and President Bush specified that those coming from Iraq would be considered refugees. But during both years, Bush made cuts to the numbers of refugees coming from Africa, Europe and Central Asia.

By comparison to the previous two years, President Obama’s adjustments today were fairly modest. He increased the number of those coming from Africa by 3,500, with the current level now at 15,500. The Latin America/Caribbean region was increased by 500 to 5,000. East Asia and the Near East/South Asia were both decreased by 2,000 for a total of 17,000 and 35,000, respectively, and the numbers for Europe/Central Asia and the unallocated reserve were unchanged at 2,500 and 5,000 respectively.

Marking World Refugee Day on June 20, Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton said the United States is the world’s largest donor for refugee relief, contributing $1.4 billion in 2008, and “nearly 3 million refugees have made new homes in the United States, more than any other nation in the world.”

What are your thoughts on President Obama’s refugee quota? How do you think these kinds of decisions should be made?

 
The September 30 tsunami, caused by a major earthquake in the Pacific Ocean, is the most severe natural disaster to occur since President Obama’s term began, and it has directly affected the U.S. territory of American Samoa, making the disaster a domestic priority.

The earthquake, measuring between 8.0 and 8.3 on the Richter scale, was detected by the Pacific Tsunami Warning Center in Hawaii, which then projected the path of a probable tsunami and issued a regional warning that extended from American Samoa to New Zealand. However, the wave, which got as high as 7.5 meters (25 feet), struck Samoa, American Samoa, and Tonga within just minutes of the quake, so most living there were unprepared. As I write this, news accounts list the death toll at more than 100 people.

A separate earthquake whose epicenter was 7,600 km (4,700 miles) away hit Indonesia, killing at least 75 people. [UPDATE - the death toll has climbed to nearly 800 people as of October 1.] Indonesia had previously been among those warned about a possible tsunami resulting from the quake near Samoa.

Because American Samoa is a U.S. territory, President Obama was able to declare a “major disaster” for it, and allow immediate assistance from the federal government in Washington to cover temporary housing, home and business repairs, clean-up, unemployment aid and temporary loans. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) is dispatching two disaster recovery teams from Hawaii to assess the damage, and the agency is preparing to send relief supplies to survivors from provisions it had pre-positioned in a Hawaii distribution center.

The president said the U.S. Coast Guard is also being deployed to support “the deployment of resources to those areas in need of immediate assistance.”

Offering condolences to the families of those who died, Obama pledged a “full, swift and aggressive response,” and said that along with responding to the needs of the American territory, “We also stand ready to help our friends in Samoa and the region.” The United States and other countries most recently responded to assistance requests from the Philippines as it tries to prevent floods from Tropical Storm Ketsana from turning into a humanitarian disaster.